[Unix] AIX, Solaris, HP-UX, Linux들의 특징 및 명령 비교

AIX, Solaris, HP-UX, Linux들의 특징 및 명령 비교

Directory AIX HP-UX LINUX SOLARIS Tru64 Root filesystem / {/dev/hd4} / {/dev/vg00/lvol1} / {/dev/sda1} / {/dev/vx/dsk/rootvol} / {/dev/rz0a} Home Directory /home {/dev/hd1} /home {/dev/vg00/lvol4} /export/home /dev/vx/dsk/home} /tmp {/dev/hd3} /tmp {/dev/vg00/lvol6} /tmp /dev/vx/dsk/swapvol} /usr {/dev/hd2} /usr {/dev/vg00/lvol7} /usr /usr{/dev/rz0g} /var {/dev/hd9var} /var {/dev/vg00/lvol8} /var Sample configuration files - /usr/newconfig User Accounts AIX HP-UX LINUX Solaris Tru64 Password files /etc/passwd /etc/security/passwd /etc/passwd /tcb/files/auth/r/root /etc/passwd /etc/shadow /etc/passwd /etc/shadow /etc/passwd Groups file /etc/group /etc/security/group /etc/group /etc/logingroup /etc/group /etc/group /etc/group Maximum # of user ID 4294967295 2147483647 65535 2147483647 65535 Allow/Deny remote login /etc/security/user {rlogin=true} /etc/securetty {console} /etc/securetty {ttyp1} /etc/default/login {CONSOLE=/dev/console} /etc/securettys {ttyp1} User nobody's id # 4294967294 -2 99 60001 & 65534(nobody4) 65534 Group nobody's id # 4294967294 -2(nogroup) 99 60002 & 65534(nogroup) 65534 Recover root password boot from CD/Tape Installation/Maintenance Start Limited Shell getrootfs hdisk0 vi /etc/security/passwd ISL>hpux -is vi /tcb/files/auth/r/root vi /etc/shadow linux S vi /etc/shadow boot cdrom -s mount /dev/c0t0d0s0 /mnt vi /mnt/etc/shadow press the HALT Button or (Control-P) >>>boot -fl s lsmbstartup /sbin/bcheckrc passwd root Create new user mkuser useradd useradd useradd useradd Delete user rmuser userdel userdel userdel userdel List users lsuser -f ALL logins logins Modify user account chuser -a usermod usermod usermod usermod General Commands AIX HP-UX LINUX Solaris Tru64 Unique host ID hostid uname -i hostid hostid hostid Administrator smit sam linuxconf admintool Performance monitor top monitor top glance top top top System activity reporter sar sar sar Virtual Memory statistics vmstat vmstat vmstat vmstat vmstat I/O statistics iostat iostat iostat iostat Error logs alog -o -t boot errpt dmesg dmesg dmesg uerf -R -o full Physical RAM 1M TB 4TB 64 GB {>2.3.24} 16TB 4TB Shared Memory 64K TB 8TB sysctl kernel.shmmax Process Data Space 384K TB 4TB 900 MB Swap device /dev/hd6 /dev/vg00/lvol2 /dev/sda2 /dev/vx/dsk/swapvol /dev/rz0b Swap file type /etc/swapspaces swap partition type 82 swap raw Display swap size lsps -a swapinfo -a free swap -l swapon -s Activate Swap swapon -a swapon -a swapon -a swap -a swapon -a Printers AIX HP-UX LINUX Solaris Tru64 Printer Queues /etc/qconfig /etc/lp/interface/* /var/spool/lpd/lp/* /etc/lp/interfaces/* /usr/spool/lpd Stop LP stopsrc -s lpd lpshut /etc/init.d/lpd stop /usr/lib/lp/lpshut /sbin/init.d/lpdstop Start LP startsrc -s lpd lpsched /etc/init.d/lpd start /usr/lib/lp/lpsched /sbin/init.d/lpdstart Submit print jobs enq lp lpr qprt lp lpr lp lpr lp lpr LP statistics enq -A lpq lpstat qchk lpstat lpq lpstat lpstat Remove print jobs cancel lprm qcan enq -x cancel lprm cancel lprm cancel lprm Add printer queue smit mkpq lpadmin -p pq printtool lpadmin -p pq lprsetup Remove Printer queue smit rmpq lpadmin -x pq lpadmin -x pq lprsetup Make default printer export LPDEST="pq" lpadmin -d pq lpadmin -d pq export PRINTER="lp" TCP/IP AIX HP-UX LINUX Solaris Tru64 Network IP configuration lsattr -E -l inet0 /etc/rc.config.d/netconf /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ /etc/hostname.* /etc/inet/* /etc/defaultrouter /etc/rc.config Hosts IP addresses /etc/hosts /etc/hosts /etc/hosts /etc/inet/hosts /etc/hosts Name service switch /etc/netsvc.conf /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/svc.conf Network parameters no -a ndd -h sysctl -a | grep net ndd /dev/[tcp|ip] ? Routing daemon gated gated routed in.routed routed NIC Configurations ifconfig -a lanscan -v ifconfig -a ifconfig -a ifconfig -a Secondary IP Address ifconfig en0 alias IP ifconfig lan0:1 IP modprobe ip_alias ifconfig eth0:1 IP ifconfig hme0:1 IP up ifconfig ln0 alias Login prompt HERALD @ /etc/security/login.cfg telnetd -b /etc/issue /etc/issue BANNER @ /etc/default/telnetd /etc/issue Increase the # of pseudo-terminals odmget -q "attribute=num and uniquetype=pty/pty/pty" PdAt | sed "s/0-64/0-512/" | odmchange -q "attribute=num and uniquetype=pty/pty/pty" -o PdAt chdev -l pty0 -anum=256 -P reboot rebuild your kernel with these new values NPTY=# NSTRPY=# reboot insf -d ptys -n # insf -d ptym -n # insf -d pts -s # -e -v cd /dev ./MAKEDEV -v pty {/etc/system} set pt_cnt = # {SYSV} set npty = # {BSD} {/etc/iu.ap} ptsl 0 # ldterm ttcompat halt boot -r cd /dev ./MAKEDEV PTY_1 Maximum # of ptys 512 {MAXUSERS} 256 176 {BSD} 3000 {SYSV} 8192 Remote Shell remsh rsh remsh rsh rsh rsh YP/NIS service binder /usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind /usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind /sbin/ypbind /usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind /usr/sbin/ypbind System Files AIX HP-UX LINUX Solaris Tru64 NFS exported /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/dfs/dfstab /etc/dfs/sharetab /etc/exports NFS Client mounted directories /etc/xtab /etc/xtab /var/lib/nfs/xtab /etc/rmtab /var/adm/mountdtab Max File System 128 GB 128 GB 2 TB 1 TB 128 GB {<= 3.2G} 512 GB {>= 4.0} 16 TB {advfs} Max File Size 64 GB 128 GB 2 GB {512B block size} 8192 GB {8KB block size} 1 TB 128 GB {<= 3.2G} 512 GB {>= 4.0} 16 TB {advfs} Max # File Descriptors 64 K 60~ K sysctl fs.file-max 64 K 64 K DISK/LVM Commands AIX HP-UX:Disk &Filesystem LINUX SOLARIS Tru64 Filesystem table /etc/filesystems /etc/fstab /etc/fstab /etc/vfstab /etc/fstab Free disk blocks df -k bdf df -k df -k df -k Device listing lsdev -C /sbin/ioscan cat /proc/devices sysdef Disk information bootinfo -s hdisk# diskinfo /dev/rdsk/c#t#d# cat /proc/scsi/scsi0/sda/model format -d c#t#d# format>current format>inquiry file /dev/rrz0c Disk Label lspv -l hdisk# pvdisplay -v /dev/dsk/C#t#d# fdisk -l prtvtoc disklabel -p rz0 LVM Concepts Partition logical extents logical extents sub disk sub disk Volume logical volume logical volume Volume Volume Plex Plex Volume group volume group volume group disk group disk group Journal Filesystem type jfs vxfs ext2 vxfs advfs Default volume group /dev/rootvg /dev/vg00 /dev/vx/dsk/rootdg /dev/vol/rootdg Display volume group lsvg -l rootvg vgdisplay -v vg00 vgdisplay -v vxprint -l -g rootdg volprint -l -g rootdg Modify physical volume chpv pvchange pvchange Prepare physical disk mkdev -c disk -l hdisk# pvcreate pvcreate vxdiskadd voldiskadd List physical volume lspv pvdisplay pvdisplay vxprint -dl volprint -dl Remove disk from volume group reducevg vgreduce vgreduce vxdg rmdisk voldg rmdisk Move logical volumes to another physical volumes migratepv pvmove pvmove vxassist move volassist move Create volume group mkvg vgcreate vgcreate vxdg init voldg init Remove volume group vgremove vgremove Volume group availability chvg varyonvg varyoffvg vgchange vgchange Restore volume group vgcfgrestore vgcfgrestore Exports volume group exportvg vgexport vgexport vxdg deport voldg deport Imports volume group importvg vgimport vgimport vxdg import voldg import Volume group listing lsvg vgscan vgscan Change logical volume characteristics chlv lvchange lvchange vxedit set voledit set List logical volume lslv lvdisplay lvdisplay vxprint -vl volprint -vl Make logical volume mklv lvcreate lvcreate vxassist make volassist make Extend logical volume extendlv lvextend lvextend vxassist growto volassist growto Reduce logical volume AIX reduce LV lvreduce lvreduce vxassist shrinkto volassist shrinkto Remove logical volume rmlv lvremove lvremove vxedit rm voledit rm Prepare boot volumes bootlist -m normal lvlnboot lilo vxbootsetup Remove boot volumes lvrmboot Extend File system chfs -a size=# extendfs -F vxfs -s # fsadm -F vxfs -b {LE * 1024} resize2fs vxva mkfs -M Reduce/Split mirrors rmlvcopy lvsplit lvsplit Merge mirrors lvmerge lvmerge Create mirrors mklv -c 2 lvcreate -m 1 vxassist mirror volassist make vol 100mb mirror=true Add mirrors mklvcopy lv 2 lvextend -m 1 Create striped volumes mklv -u 3 -S 64K lvcreate -i 3 -I 64 lvcreate -i 3 -I 64 vxassist make vol 100mb layout=raid5 volassist make vol 100mb layout=stripe System recovery tape mksysb -i /dev/rmt0 /opt/ignite/bin/make_recovery /usr/sys/bin/btcreate Backup savevg -i rootvg fbackup tar cvf /dev/rst0 / ufsdump vdump Restore restvg frecover tar xvf /dev/rst0 ufsrestore vrestore MISC AIX HP-UX LINUX SOLARIS Tru64 Startup script /etc/rc /sbin/rc /etc/rc.d/rc /sbin/init.d /sbin/init.d Kernel /usr/lib/boot/unix_up /stand/vmunix /boot/vmlinuz /kernel/genunix /vmunix Kernel Parameters lsattr -E -l sys0 kmtune kmsystem sysctl -a sysdef- i sysconfig dxkerneltuner Reconfigure the kernel chdev -l sys0 -a cd /stand/build /usr/lbin/sysadm/system_prep -v -s system vi system mk_kernel -s system cd /stand mv system system.prev mv vmunix vmunix.prev mv dlkm dlkm.prev mv ./build/system system kmupdate /stand/build cd /usr/src/linux make mrproper make menuconfig make dep make clean make bzimage make install make modules make modules_install vi /etc/system reboot doconfig List modules kmadmin -s lsmod modinfo Load module kmadmin -L insmod modload Unload module kmadmin -U rmmod modunload Initialize system install_assist set_parms initial netconf sys-unconfig netsetup Physical RAM bootinfo -r grep -i Physical /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log free prtconf uerf | grep memory Kernel Bits getconf WORD_BIT getconf KERNEL_BITS getconf WORD_BIT isainfo -kv 64 Crash utility crash crashutil crash Machine model uname -m bootinfo -m model uname -m uname -m uname -imp uname -p OS Level oslevel uname -r uname -r uname -r sizer -v Run Level who -r who -r runlevel who -r who -r Core dump files /var/adm/ras /var/adm/crash /var/crash/`uname -n` Boot single user Key on service mode/F4 Boot from CD/Tape Select Maintenance Limited function Shell ISL>hpux -iS linux S ok boot -s >>> boot -fl s Maintenance mode ISL>hpux -lm ok boot -as Interrupt Key control-B Stop-A control-P Return to console co ok go Software AIX HP-UX LINUX SOLARIS Tru64 Install Software installp -a swinstall rpm -i package pkgadd setld -l Uninstall software installp -u swremove rpm -e package pkgrm setld -d List installed software lslpp -L all swlist rpm -qa pkginfo setld -i Verify installed software lppchk -v swlist -l fileset -a state rpm -V package pkginfo -i pkginfo -p setld -v List all files lslpp -f fileset swlist -l file fileset rpm -ql package pkgchk -l package setld -i package List installed patches instfix -i swlist -l patch what /stand/vmunix patchadd -p Package owner lslpp -w path swlist -l file | grep path rpm -qf file pkgchk -l -p path SW Directory /usr/lpp /var/adm/sw/ /var/lib/rpm /var/sadm /var/adm/smlogs Devices AIX HP-UX LINUX SOLARIS Tru64 Devices /dev /dev /dev /devices /dev Install devices for attached peripherals cfgmgr -v insf -e /dev/MAKEDEV drvconfig devlinks disks tapes ports /dev/MAKEDEV Remove device rmdev -l rmsf rem_drv Device drivers lscfg lsdev prtconf -D CPU lsdev -Cc processor ioscan -fnC processor psrinfo -v psrinfo -v List Terminal lsdev -Cc tty ioscan -fnC tty pmadm -l Diagnostics diag stm /usr/platform/`uname -m`/ sbin/prtdiag ok test-all /opt/SUNWvts/bin/sunvts Whole Disk /dev/hdisk# /dev/dsk/c#t#d0 /dev/sda /dev/c#t#d0s2 /dev/rz0c CDROM /dev/cd0 /dev/dsk/c#t2d0 /dev/cdrom /dev/dsk/c#t6d0s2 /dev/rz3c CDROM file type cdrfs cdfs iso9660 hsfs cdfs Rewinding tape drive /dev/rmt0 /dev/rmt/0m /dev/rst0 { c 9 0} /dev/rmt/0 /dev/rmt0 Non-rewinding tape drive /dev/rmt0.1 /dev/rmt/0mn /dev/nrst0 { c 9 128 } /dev/rmt/0n /dev/nrmt0 Floppy drive /dev/rfd0 - /dev/fd0 /dev/diskette /dev/fd0c Links AIX HP-UX LINUX SOLARIS Tru64 FAQ AIX-FAQ HP-UX FAQ LINUX FAQ Solaris 2 FAQ Tru64 FAQ Online Manual AIX 4.3 Books HP-UX 11.00 Collection Linux Documentation Project Solaris 7 Documentation Tru64 Documents Technical Support RS/6000 TechSupport IT Resource Center Red Hat support SunSolve Alpha Systems Support Phone Number 1-800-CALL-AIX 1-800-633-3600 1-888-REDHAT1 1-800-USA-4SUN Free Software Bull HP-UX Ports Linux Software Map Sun Freeware Tru64 Demos, Shareware & Freeware Certification www.ibm.com education.hp.com RHCE suned.sun.com ASE Information http://unix-guide.addr.com/ [출처] [본문스크랩] AIX, Solaris, HP-UX, Linux들의 특징 및 명령 비교|작성자 쩡동